Pancha karma is derived from the Sanskrit words "pancha" (five) and "karma" (actions or therapies). It refers to five therapeutic procedures designed to eliminate toxins (ama) and restore balance to the doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha.

The Five Actions of Panchakarma:

1. Vamana (Therapeutic Vomiting): Induces controlled vomiting to expel excess Kapha from the upper respiratory tract and stomach.

2. Virechana (Purgation Therapy): Uses purgative substances to induce bowel movements, eliminating excess Pitta and toxins from the gastrointestinal tract and liver.

3. Basti (Enema Therapy): Administers herbal decoctions and oils through the rectum to cleanse the colon, balance Vata, and nourish tissues.

4. Nasya (Nasal Administration): Applies medicated oils or herbal preparations to the nasal passages to cleanse the sinuses and improve respiratory function.

5. Raktamokshana (Bloodletting): Removes impure blood through methods like leech therapy, venesection, or cupping.

The Panchakarma Process:

1. Purva Karma (Preparatory Phase): Includes consultation, dietary modifications, and internal oleation to prepare the body for toxin removal.

2. Pradhana Karma (Main Therapies): Customized treatments based on individual needs, administered under supervision.

3. Paschat Karma (Post-Therapy Phase): Focuses on rejuvenation, dietary adjustments, lifestyle recommendations, and ongoing support to maintain treatment benefits.